6/13/2023 0 Comments Nytimes dialect quizBecause of its regional focus, as well as the homogenization of American English, DARE’s long gestation has brought it to light in a world where we process language differently than people did in the "Mad Men" era that DARE was created in. This is one reason why DARE, in all of its majesty, cannot help but qualify as an achievement more archival than lexicographic. The New Republic: By the time you capture terms like this between two covers, they are often obsolete. The Dictionary of American Regional English is like an academic Urban Dictionary, a catalog of idioms and slang-which is a fun insight into the diversity of English, but also a problem for such a long-running project. Now, the whole dictionary has been put online. Not all of it is free, sadly, but the team did open up a few sample entries: For the past 48 years, the Dictionary of American Regional English has been building a catalog Americans' language quirks, a record based on a wide-reaching series of surveys conducted back in the 1960s. If taking Katz's quiz has piqued your interest on the idiosyncrasies of American speech patterns, you're in luck. You guys: NoVa/eastern shore/MN/WI/Chicago/NY/CA can evidently melt the dialect machine :( "result not found" Last week, the Times published a slick version of the quiz, and the internet is currently obsessed with it.įor some people the quiz is crazy accurate: This vocabulary quiz nailed where I'm from, though I haven't lived there in 40 years. By answering a series of questions-is it a pill bug, a potato bug, or a roly poly?-Katz's quiz would tell you which region's residents you speak most like. Earlier in the year Joshua Katz, an intern with the New York Times' graphics team and a statistician at North Carolina State University, started an online survey looking at Americans' regional language quirks.
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6/13/2023 0 Comments Frequency physics calculatorOvertones, partials and harmonics from fundamental frequency The frequency f = | B | / 2 π and the period T = 2 π / | B | = 1 / f. With this acoustical form we see that | B | = 2 π f. Where f is the frequency of the wave measured in hertz.Ĭomparing the mathematical form y = A sin ( B T + φ ): In acoustics an expression for a sine wave is written in the form From both together, the wave speed can be From the time graph, the periodĪnd frequency can be obtained. Wave will appear as a sine wave (sinosoid) in either case. Waves may be graphed as a function of time or distance. The amplitude has absolutely nothing to do with the frequency. The largest deflection or elongation is referred to as amplitude a. If the graph shows at the x axis the distance d, we see the wavelength λ. If the graph shows at the x axis the time t, we see the period T = 1 / f. The y axis shows the sound pressure p (sound pressure amplitude). It will be given inġ/min, as revolutions per minute, or as in rpm. For example, it is an essential feature for engines. Is a size at - preferably mechanical - rotating movements indicating the frequency In physics and electrical engineering for the sinusoidal process is often used theĪngular frequency ω instead of the frequency f. So the frequency is f = 1/ T = ω / 2 π = 795.77 Hz.Ĭonversion: Frequency to wavelength and vice versa The Angular Frequency is ω = 2 π × f Given is the equation: y = 50 sin (5000 t)ĭetermine the frequency and the amplitude.Īnswer: The amplitude is 50 and ω = 5000. Wavelength, period, frequency, and amplitudeĬhanging the frequency (hertz, Hz) does never change the amplitude and vice versa Speed of sound c = 343 m/s also equates to 1235 km /h, 767 mph, 1125 ft/s. The speed of light, that is ≈ 200,000 km/s. The propagation speed of electrical signals via copper cables is about 2/3 The speed of light, that is ≈ 270,000 km/s. The propagation speed of electrical signals via optical fiber is about 9/10 Or speed of radio waves and light in a vacuum: c = 299,792,458 m/s. The unit hertz (Hz) was once called cps = cycles per second.Ĭhoose: Speed of sound in air at a temperature of 20☌: c = 343 m/s Λ = c / f = wave speed c (m/s) / frequency f (Hz). The formula for wavelength is λ (m) = c / f The formula for time is: T (period) = 1 / f (frequency). Oszilloscope: Input of the boxes (Div.) and timebase (Y) give the frequency.įormula for period (cycle duration) T Physical valueįormulas and equations for frequency and wavelength The formula for frequency is: f (frequency) = 1 / T (period).į = c / λ = wave speed c (m/s) / wavelength λ (m). The calculator works in both directions of the ↔ sign. To use the calculator, simply enter a value. You will see the program but the function will not work.įill out the gray box above and click at the calculation bar of the respective column.įrequency means oscillations (cycles) per second in Hz = hertz = 1/s.ġ second = 1 s = 1000 ms | 1 ms = 0.001 s | 1 µs = 0.000001 s Simply say "time" or "period." The used browser does not support JavaScript. The only kind of periods meant by people who use this phrase are periods of time, so it's a redundancy. – hertz to milliseconds and frequency to angular frequency Period, cycle duration, periodic time, time T to frequency f ,Īnd frequency f to cycle duration or period T 6/13/2023 0 Comments Afford car loan calcThe annual percentage rate (APR) of a loan is slightly different, but more closely reflects actual annual costs. The interest rate is the annual cost of a loan to its borrower, expressed as a percentage of the principal borrowed. Personal loans and student loans are typically unsecured loans. These loans tend to have stricter borrowing requirements, lower borrowing limits and higher interest rates. Home equity loans and auto loans are typically secured loans.Īn unsecured loan does not require collateral, making it a safer option, especially if you have good credit and can qualify for the best interest rates. However, because the lender is taking on less risk, these loans do tend to come with lower interest rates and better terms over all. These loans involve a great deal of risk since you could lose your asset if you do not pay the loan back. This is typically something like a house or vehicle. Secured loans require you to put up an asset as collateral. Loans come in secured and unsecured options. If you are having trouble qualifying for a federal loan, compare terms and rates on private student loans before choosing a lender, as these can vary widely. Federal student loans are generally better because they come with borrower protection and have standardized deferment and forbearance periods. There are both federal student loans and private student loans. Student loans are loans specifically for educational purposes.If you are in the market for a personal loan, compare top lenders to find the one with the best rate for your circumstances. These loans have fixed interest rates and repayment terms. Personal loans are sums of money you can borrow from a bank, credit union or online lender that can be used for virtually any purpose.Before choosing a home equity lender, be sure to compare rates and terms. There are two types of home equity products: home equity loans and home equity lines of credit. You can calculate your home equity by subtracting your mortgage balance from your home’s current market value. They typically have better interest rates and terms than other loan products. These loans are secured, using your house as collateral. Home equity loans are loans borrowed against the value of your home.Make sure to shop around and find the best rates before committing to a specific lender. If you fail to make payments, you could lose your vehicle. Auto loans are secured loans, meaning that the vehicle is put up as collateral. Similar to personal loans, auto loans allow you to borrow a lump sum and pay it back over a set repayment period with interest. Auto loans are loans intended to help finance a vehicle.There are many different types of loans available from several different types of lenders that can be used for a variety of purposes: For example, if you have an auto loan with a monthly payment of $500, your first month’s payment might break down into $350 toward interest and $150 toward the principal. Often, within the first few years, the bulk of your monthly payments will go toward interest. In the context of a loan, amortization is when you pay off a debt on a regular, fixed schedule. If you would prefer a loan payment calculator that delves into the granular details (such as amortization), use our more robust calculator. Because this is a simple loan payment calculator, we cover amortization behind the scenes. Customers can also make ACH payments and debit card payments through self-service portals at any time of the day, seven days a week.The Bankrate loan payment calculator breaks down your principal balance by month and applies the interest rate you provide. **Customers can make payments directly with Kora Customer Representatives from 9am - 6pm CST, Monday - Friday (excluding holidays). See the Cardholder Agreement in the Kora app under KoraCard settings for more details.ģ These testimonials are not reflective of any Pathward products or services. Kora Rewards are powered by Cardlytics.Ģ While this specific feature is available for free, certain other transaction fees and costs, terms, and conditions are associated with the use of this Card. (formerly Boro) and is not affiliated with Pathward. All loans are originated by Kora’s lending partner Westbon Inc. Register your Card for FDIC insurance eligibility and other protections.ġ This optional offer is not a Pathward product or service. Your funds are FDIC insured up to $250,000 through Pathward, Member FDIC. Card can be used everywhere Visa debit cards are accepted. * The Kora Visa® Prepaid Card is issued by Pathward®, N.A., Member FDIC, pursuant to a license from Visa U.S.A. 6/13/2023 0 Comments Syncovery filename variablesWe will use xp_DirTree to accomplish this. The first thing we will need to do is scan that directory for all the files that are living in it. You know the directory where the files are going to be living. This example will utilize various temp tables to help achieve everything covered in the above scenario. If it does, you will not want to duplicate data, so you will just exit out and move to the next file.īeing in the world of custom programming, I rely a lot on temp tables throughout the day. You will also need to check to see if the file already has a corresponding table, and if does, you will need to see if the data that you are importing already exists in the table. The scenario that we will be using is as follows: As a developer, you are asked to read the CSV files from a directory, and then import those files into the database. That is when I decided that I could incorporate the question into my presentation, enhance it a little, and do it all Dynamically.īefore we go any further, for this to work you will have to know the columns that are in the CSV file that you will be loading, and the type of data each column contains. That was a straight forward question that had a straight forward answer, however, imagine if you didn’t know the name of the file you were going to import, or if there were multiple files in the directory, how would you handle loading those files. A few days later he came back and said that everything was working great. I wrote some sample code, checked it twice and then emailed it off to him. I took the individuals name and contact information and told him I would research it and get back with him.Īfter digging through different Microsoft articles, I found a way to load a file from disk using BULK INSERT and creating a simple Format file in XML. When I was asked this question, I did not know the answer to it. A lot of times, companies will lock down access to xp_CmdShell, so as a developer, you must find an alternate way to achieve your goal. How to load a CSV File from a directory without using xp_CmdShell. Recently, I was asked a question that I did not know the answer to. If the question is unique, and if I am able to adapt it to my talk over Dynamic SQL, I will add it to my presentation the next time that I speak. Sometimes I know the answer right away, but there are times where I do not know the answer and I have to go home and do research in order to answer it. Speaking at SQL Saturdays, I always get excited when I get asked a question that has never been asked. Once installed, click “ Restart to Update Firefox.” You will now see a pop-up window that will automatically begin searching for an available update and install it. Expand Help from the menuĬlick “ About Firefox.” Open Firefox’s About page Launch Firefox and click on the 3 lines in the top-right corner, then click Help. Follow the guide below to update your existing Firefox browser to version 113.0. If you already have Mozilla Firefox installed on your computer, then updating it would be easy. CVE-2023-32216: Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 113.CVE-2023-32215: Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 113 and Firefox ESR 102.11.CVE-2023-32214: Potential DoS via exposed protocol handlers.MFSA-TMP-2023-0002: Race condition in dav1d decoding.CVE-2023-32213: Potential memory corruption in FileReader::DoReadData().CVE-2023-32212: Potential spoof due to obscured address bar.CVE-2023-32211: Content process crash due to invalid wasm code.CVE-2023-32210: Incorrect principal object ordering.CVE-2023-32209: Persistent DoS via favicon image.CVE-2023-32208: Leak of script base URL in service workers via import().CVE-2023-32207: Potential permissions request bypass via clickjacking.CVE-2023-32206: Crash in RLBox Expat driver.CVE-2023-32205: Browser prompts could have been obscured by popups. The following 13 vulnerabilities have been addressed in Firefox version 113: Sites should utilize the non-prefixed versions instead. The long-deprecated mozRTCPeerConnection, mozRTCIceCandidate, and mozRTCSessionDescription WebRTC interfaces have been removed. Firefox for Android now includes UI improvements for the built-in PDF viewer to make it easier to save PDFs directly.
6/13/2023 0 Comments Download xtorrent freeLet’s start our step by step installation guide. We are going to use Bluestacks in this method to Download and Install xTorrent -Torrent Video Player for PC Windows 10/8/7 Laptop. Bluestacks software is even available for Mac OS as well. xTorrent -Torrent Video Player Download for PC Windows 10/8/7 – Method 1:īluestacks is one of the coolest and widely used Emulator to run Android applications on your Windows PC. Here in this article, we are gonna present to you two of the popular Android emulators to use xTorrent -Torrent Video Player on PC. So even if the official version of xTorrent -Torrent Video Player for PC not available, you can still use it with the help of Emulators. But Android emulators allow us to use all these apps on PC as well. are available for Android and iOS platforms only. Games and apps like PUBG, Subway surfers, Snapseed, Beauty Plus, etc. Most of the apps these days are developed only for the mobile platform. XTorrent -Torrent Video Player Download for PC Windows 10/8/7 Laptop: Currently, xTorrent -Torrent Video Player for Windows has got over 100,000+ App installations and 3.9 star average user aggregate rating points. It has got really good rating points and reviews. XTorrent -Torrent Video Player is on the top of the list of Tools category apps on Google Playstore. xTorrent -Torrent Video Player for PC – Technical Specifications Name So before jumping into it, let’s see the technical specifications of xTorrent -Torrent Video Player. Here in this article, we will list down different ways to Download xTorrent -Torrent Video Player on PC in a step by step guide. But do you know you can still use any of your favorite Android or iOS apps on your laptop even if the official version for PC platform not available? Yes, they do exits a few simple tricks you can use to install Android apps on Windows machine and use them as you use on Android smartphones. Most of the apps available on Google play store or iOS Appstore are made exclusively for mobile platforms. Keep reading this article to get to know how you can Download and Install one of the best Tools App xTorrent -Torrent Video Player for PC. Looking for a way to Download xTorrent -Torrent Video Player for Windows 10/8/7 PC? You are in the correct place then. 6/13/2023 0 Comments Macbeth 2015In the castle, Macbeth is rumoured mad, and all fear his anger and tyranny. Then she wanders in the hills and sees the witches. She sees her child's ghost, which she urges to sleep. Guilt-ridden, Lady Macbeth returns to the church, lamenting their deeds and her bloody hands (in a soliloquy often referred to as " Out damned spot!"). Grief-stricken and angry, Macduff swears revenge. Ross and Angus inform Macduff about his household's murder. Meanwhile, Macduff meets Malcolm, who is gathering troops. The family are burned at the stake, while a distraught Lady Macbeth watches. Anxious and enraged, Macbeth orders the death of Macduff's family and servants. The King is found wandering by Lennox who tells him that Macduff has fled. The boy soldier's ghost who gave him the dagger tells Macbeth that he will not be slain by man born of a woman. They show him a vision of slain soldiers who tell him to beware Macduff, and that Macbeth shall be King until Great Birnam Wood comes to the royal castle at Dunsinane Hill. Lady Macbeth dismisses the guests and takes Macbeth away. Lady Macbeth says her husband is unwell, but Macbeth continues to rave, prompting Macduff and his wife to leave. Macbeth asks the assassins for news and is enraged that Fleance has escaped. Macbeth sends assassins: Banquo is killed, but Fleance escapes.ĭuring the evening, Macbeth mentions Banquo not attending as promised. He invites them to a banquet but discovers they plan to leave, as Banquo is suspicious. Afterward, he sourly complains to his wife that killing Duncan was for nothing as Macbeth has no heirs, so the crown will pass to Banquo and his son, Fleance, as prophesied. Macduff and Noble Lennox believe Malcolm's flight is suspicious and admire Macbeth's summary justice. In the morning, Macduff finds Duncan dead and Macbeth slaughters the servants to prevent their denial. She meets Macbeth in the church where they wash their hands, saying they have washed their deed away. Lady Macbeth rebukes him for not leaving them and puts them in the sleeping servants' hands. Shaken, Macbeth goes to his wife, giving her two daggers. Malcolm enters and, seeing the body, flees. After the feast, Macbeth sees a boy soldier's ghost, who gives him a dagger and leads him towards Duncan's tent whom Macbeth slays. Macbeth hesitates but Lady Macbeth persuades him to kill Duncan while she drugs his servants. A feast is held, where the King pronounces Malcolm his heir. When Macbeth says Duncan will stay overnight, she urges him to kill the King to fulfill the prophecy. Lady Macbeth prays to the dark spirits for guidance. Macbeth tells his wife of the prophecies. Three women with a girl and infant approach Macbeth and Banquo, hailing Macbeth as Thane of Cawdor and future King, and Banquo as a father of Kings, before disappearing.ĭuncan hears of Macbeth's victory and executes the Thane of Cawdor for traitorously allying with Norse invaders, giving Macbeth his title. He emerges victorious, despite losses, including boy soldiers. Then, Macbeth leads King Duncan's troops into a civil war battle. The film starts with the Macbeths grieving at their child's funeral. Despite the positive critical reaction, the film grossed just $16 million worldwide against its production budget of $20 million. It received generally positive reviews from film critics who praised both Fassbender and Cotillard's performances, as well as those of the rest of the cast, visual style, script, direction and war sequences. The film was theatrically released by StudioCanal on 2 October 2015 in the United Kingdom and on 18 November 2015 in France. Macbeth premiered on at the Cannes Film Festival where it was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or. Like the play it was adapted from, the film dramatises the damaging physical and psychological effects of political ambition on those who seek power for its own sake. The story follows a Scottish lord's rise to power after receiving a prophecy from a trio of witches that one day he will become King of Scotland. The film stars Michael Fassbender in the title role and Marion Cotillard as Lady Macbeth, with Paddy Considine, Sean Harris, Jack Reynor, Elizabeth Debicki and David Thewlis in supporting roles. Macbeth is a 2015 epic historical drama film directed by Justin Kurzel and written for the screen by Jacob Koskoff, Todd Louiso and Michael Lesslie, based on William Shakespeare's play of the same name. 6/12/2023 0 Comments Electroweb pokemon databaseThe cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Pearl, Platinum, HeartGold, SoulSilver) Pokmon Database Electrode - Generation 4 learnset. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Electivire (Pokmon)/Generation IV learnset From Bulbapedia. gravity, covet, electroweb, defog, laser focus, telekinesis, ally switch. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Shadow Ball Pokmon moves Pokmon Database Shadow Ball (move) Move data. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Kakuna is like a cocoon that is able to move and defend itself but it is weaker than many other Pokemon that evolved before.īack to the Game-Art-HQ Pokémon Tribute Gen I Gallery Kakuna evolves from Weedle and is not only half as cute as before but is the next step to obtain a Beedrill at least □ “Almost incapable of moving, this Pokémon can only harden its shell to protect itself from predators” Harden is one of the first moves the Kakuna learns and simply rises the defense stats of the user by one stage Useful when battling physically strong Pokémon She joined our Pokemon Tribute as one of the first artists in May! Saskle joined Game-Art-HQ and claimed a really unpopular video game character with Grog from LoZ OoT for our community project where artists could claim a character of their choice, later she also joined our Link’s Blacklist Zelda Bestiary Collaboration and drew the Armos for our upcoming next round of the project that covers all enemies from the first Legend of Zelda. Electroweb Details Level Up TM Egg Move This Pokdex entry is for Generation VII Pokmon games. Electroweb targets all adjacent opponents as well. The Electroweb move was introduced in the Gen V Pokemon games and is a damage dealing Electric-type move that has the side effect of slowing down the enemy by one stage. “The user captures and attacks opposing Pokémon by using an electric net. I recommend to visit his gallery on dA as well which you can find here. Platinum, HeartGold, SoulSilver) Pokmon Database Raichu - Generation 4. Beside Metapod, he also drew Butterfree, Hitmonlee and Pidgeot for our Project already. Raichu Moveset Gen 4 Also note, Electric Pokemon absorb electric attacks this. The theme of this challenge was to draw video games that were released this year. but he also participated in our July 2016 Art Challenge with a take on Vega (Balrog in Japan btw.) in his design from Street Fighter V. For more details, check out our feature here.13alrog joined GA-HQ recently as well and our Pokémon Tribute was the main reason I guess. Pokemon Scarlet and Violet are out on November 18th for Nintendo Switch. The move is brand new for the series, so expect to see other Electric-Type Pokemon wielding it. After being hit by an attack, the strength of its next Electric move is boosted. Though it looks odd, Bellibolt is non-hostile and won’t usually fight until it’s attacked first. The move is brand new for the series, so expect to see other Electric-Type. The latter is known for its elastic body, generating electricity in its belly button and unleashing it through the bumps on its head. After being hit by an attack, the strength of its next Electric move is boosted. She utilizes Electric-Type Pokemon, as seen with Bellibolt. Nicknamed the “Supercharged Streamer,” Iono cares about engagement and channel views (not to mention catchphrases like “Your eyeballs are mine – caught in my Electroweb!”). New screenshots and gameplay have been shared for the duo, along with additional details. Game Freak’s Pokemon Scarlet and Violet received some new details recently, namely the reveal of Iono, Levincia’s Gym Leader, and Bellibolt, her partner Pokemon. Her parenting style involves completely sheltering children, or "stopping problems before they happen" in her words. When she was younger, she still possessed her grouchy and uncaring personality, to the point of telling her young son, Richard, that magic is all fake this shocked him into screaming loudly for an apparent fifteen straight years. Despite this, she tasked Anais to carry her heavy bags upstairs for her, which apparently took an entire day to accomplish, ironically only finishing when she was ready to leave. She also does not seem to respect her grandchildren whatsoever, calling Darwin "fish kid" or "walking fish," and Gumball "the blue one," but she might have respect for Anais, as she calls her by her real name (albeit mispronouncing it). She also tends to spend her days watching TV. She is very dedicated to receiving kisses from them, even to the point of forcing Gumball into one with a kiss on the lips. As stated by Nicole, all she has left in her old age are cop shows and kissing her grandchildren, mainly the former. Granny Jojo has a grouchy and somewhat lazy personality. In " The Choices" and " The Cycle," when she is shown at a younger age, she has slightly fewer wrinkles and black eyebrows, and she wears a yellow collared dress with a light brown vest. "The Man" reveals she wears a girdle, and without it her body becomes very saggy and almost shapeless. She is shorter, has extra wrinkles on her face, a smaller, rounder head, wider hips, ears that now resemble Anais', shorter light grey whiskers, grey eyebrows, and an overall grouchier appearance, implying that she had aged further. In season 2 onward, she wears a plain beige dress with white sleeve cuffs and she keeps her original footwear. In season 1, she wears a beige polka-dotted dress with a white collar and sleeve cuffs and white socks with black shoes, and she has three black whiskers on each cheek and straight ears, both of which resemble Richard's. She is short, wears a pair of cats-eye glasses with purple lenses, and, being an old woman, she has wrinkled lips, saggy breasts (similar to Miss Simian, making them some of the few female characters on the show to have breasts), and wrinkles on her forehead, under her eyes, and around her mouth. When Gumball decides to cheat in order to win the science fair by using one of boberts gadgets, insanity ensues as hes launched into the past.Granny Jojo is a pink rabbit, like Richard and Anais. Graphic Depictions Of Violence, Underage.Marcus Carvalho (xXDasXGoochXx), xXDasXGoochXx Fandoms: The Amazing World of Gumball Language: English Words: 19,531 Chapters: 1/1 Kudos: 7 Hits: 621 Tina Rex "torments" Carmen Verde for perceived wrongdoings, while Gumball and Anais enjoy one another. Nicole Watterson (The Amazing World of Gumball).Tina Rex (The Amazing World of Gumball).Alan Keane (The Amazing World of Gumball).Carmen Verde (The Amazing World of Gumball).Darwin Watterson (The Amazing World of Gumball).Gumball Watterson (The Amazing World of Gumball).Anais Watterson (The Amazing World of Gumball).Anais Watterson & Gumball Watterson & Nicole Watterson.Anais Watterson/Gumball Watterson/Nicole Watterson. ManOfStories Fandoms: The Amazing World of Gumball 6/12/2023 0 Comments Nodus tollens latin meaningSince we know that the first is true, what do you make of the second?" The bottom line, though, is "when the first thing is true, the second is, too. The first long and haunting sentence basically serves to tell you "heroes, there is a dark and menacing-looking forest ahead of you. In fact, we could go straight to the last two sentences here to get to the point. Now I don't know about you, but when I see phonetic symbols and words that I have no idea what they mean – but someone is telling me I should – my heart skips a beat. Modus ponens is defined in Wikipedia as follows: In propositional logic, modus ponens (/ˈmoʊdəs ˈpoʊnɛnz/ MP), also known as modus ponendo ponens (Latin for "method of putting by placing") or implication elimination or affirming the antecedent, is a deductive argument form and rule of inference. Let's begin with the really tough ancient Latin names: Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens. Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Hocus Pocus, Abracadabra. You just skip the part of using a fancy name and giving a complicated explanation for the process itself. I will try to avoid the fancy metalanguage and present you with a couple of examples to help show you that you already think the way the Logic subject presents to you. SO, let me try to show you in this article some of these rules of propositional logic. Having had good results in Logic back then, I was shocked with how my classmates talked about Logic on social media (sentences like "this is not a topic for first term – it's too hard", or "why do they expect me to learn Latin? This is the 21 st century!" were common).įortunately for me, instead of focusing on the naming of each inference rule I heard of, I decided to focus on understanding what each one led to – which probably made me worry less about the topic than my peers.Įrgo… □ just kidding. Intense practice with examples, however, can help students learn much more quickly than filling up their hard drive with vocabulary they'll probably only use to pass the tests and then never use again – except in those word game puzzles. And it has its charm in the sense of categorizing things. In this case, it can be roughly translated as "fancy language to talk about a topic that makes it harder for the students to understand what the thing really is". The professors used Latin expressions like " modus ponens" and " modus tollens" to define some sort of processes of inferring a result, and these often caused people to complain about the "esoteric nature" of the subject. What could be the reason for that? The only thing, in theory, that might prove troublesome was the amount of unfamiliar terminology involved in propositional logic. Shockingly enough, in the same way people have a hard time with Math in college, Logic was the subject back then where students failed the most. After all, we are all taught how to think throughout school and, since all of us "think", there would be nothing unfamiliar in the subject that could trick the less-than-alert mind. In the "I think, therefore I am" fashion, you might think this would be an easy subject. In the first term of college, I was introduced to a subject called Logic. It may sound surprising, but you already have all it takes to produce high-level logic: right behind your eyes. |